Why Cryoking?

Deep Cryogenic Process:

Deep cryogenics is the methodology of Ultra Low Temperature processing of materials to enhance their metallurgical properties to desired levels. This process is capable of treating a wide variety of materials such as ferrous and non ferrous metals, metallic alloys, carbides, ceramics and plastics (including nylon, teflon). The process involves raising and reducing the temperature. Thermal control is achieved by continuously monitoring inputs and regulating the flow of liquid nitrogen into the chamber and alternating the heat. Precise program control takes the cycle through its three phases of descend, soak and ascend. The entire cycle takes 48 to 72 hours depending on the weight and type of material. It is imperative that a slow descent is followed by a soak period of at least 24 hours at minus 310° F and raised to plus 320° F with a slow ascent. Strict Computer Control and precise processing profiles assure that optimum results are achieved with no dimensional change or fear of thermal shock.

Cryogenics is not a surface treatment. It affects the entire mass of the tool or component being treated making it stronger throughout. This means the process keeps working even after numerous sharpening.The strength of the material treated actually increases without affecting the hardness. In most cases the toughness of the tools and components increases without any danger of chipping or breaking.

Reasons for Enhanced Material Properties:

Retained soft austenite carbon is changed to hard, more stable abrasion resistant and higher heat resistant martensitic. During the process there is a wide distribution of fine ETA carbides throughout the martensitic matrix of the metal. The particles within the metal matrix develop a more uniform refined microstructure with greater density. The materials porosity is reduced due to a denser molecular Structure supported by fine ETA carbides and tight lattice matrix. Thermal and mechanical stresses are relieved thereby reducing the possibility of micro cracking, fractures or edge chipping, which are the principal causes of tool failure.

Since residual stresses affect the ability of the cutting edge to absorb energy, tools treated by deep cryogenic process are not only relieved of stresses but are also resistant to further work hardening.In case of steel and steel alloys, molecular structure of the material is realigned by removing the built in kinetic energy of atoms, which is energy of motion.

Benefits:

• Increased abrasive wear life
• Increased strength and toughness
• Increased corrosive wear life
• Improved impact strength
• Increased fatigue limit
• One time permanent treatment which lasts the entire life of the tool (refinishing or regrinding does not affect the permanent improvements)
• No Dimensional Change
• Ideal for both new or used tools and components
• Very cost effective, saving time and money by decreasing downtime, reducing replacement and maintenance costs through lower inventory control.
• Enhances structural stability compatible with tool or component surface treatments (Tin, Chrome, Teflon, etc.)
• Creates denser molecular structure resulting in larger contact surface area that reduces friction, heat and wear.

Applications:

e application of Cryogenic process is endless. However here are the major applications of cryogenic process.